鼓膜可触及肿物的超声鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 疣尿管肾脏A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )疣尿管肾脏见于疣和膀胱之间，多半座落疣尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见于仅座落疣下。这些肾脏可体现为几乎无；也或很低；也。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 所示11A，疣尿管肾脏，此肾脏已受受到感染，实际上成份微弱；也的液体。B，疣尿管肾脏，紧迫的肾脏前壁产生反射伪影。

..Endometriosis阴道乳腺病变Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).腰腔阴道乳腺病变是阴道中风的长期合并症，无特殊体现，但可于以前切除术的瘢痕两处见一局部肿物，并有规律普遍性的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 所示12 ，剖宫产伤疤两处阴道乳腺病变

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 腰腔血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腰直肌鞘血肿可发生发烧普遍性呕吐后、喷嚏或痉挛发烧后，其根本原因多半是抗凝疗程或出血普遍性普遍性疾病。由于血肿限制于腰直肌鞘内，多半不很大，其菱形根据所两处位置而定，在突起线以上，血肿都为卵圆形，长轴呈上下侧向，可于外侧见到（所示13A）；在突起线请注意，由于腰色带缺如，可扩展吹袭中线，因此血肿体现为分叶状，其最大尺寸座落横轴上。在婴孩腰腔血肿可见于疣上交叉扩展（所示13B、C）。术后发散普遍性血管内凋亡的病者可于腰腔切除术瘢痕邻近见到大的血肿（所示13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 所示13A，一中年妇女剧烈呕吐后腰直肌鞘血肿，圆圈通知腰横筋膜。B，婴孩腰腔血肿。C，一婴孩疣冠状动脉附着两处上面的腰腔血肿。UV，疣冠状动脉。D，一发散普遍性血管内凋亡的剖宫产术后病者疤痕两处腰腔血肿。

分页: [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] 编辑： 张靖